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Hoʻolauna
Ma ka mokuna mua, ua hōʻike ʻia e hiki ke loaʻa koke nā kūlana makemakika pololei no nā ikaika i hana ʻia e nā wai i ka hoʻomaha. ʻO kēia no ka mea i loko o ka hydrostatic wale nō nā ikaika kaomi maʻalahi. Ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi wai i ka neʻe ʻana, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka pilikia o ka nānā ʻana. ʻAʻole wale ka nui a me ka kuhikuhi ʻana o ka velocity particle e noʻonoʻo ʻia, aia pū kekahi i ka mana paʻakikī o ka viscosity e hoʻoulu ai i ke koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ke koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā ʻāpana wai e neʻe a me nā palena i loko. ʻO ka neʻe pili i hiki ma waena o nā mea like ʻole o ke kino wai e hoʻololi nui ʻia ke kaomi a me ke koʻikoʻi ʻāwili mai kekahi wahi a i kekahi e like me nā kūlana kahe. Ma muli o ka paʻakikī e pili ana i ka hanana kahe, hiki i ka helu helu makemakika pololei i kekahi mau mea, a mai ka ʻenekinia wahi o ka ʻike, ʻo kekahi mau mea impractical, nā hihia. ʻAʻole kūʻokoʻa nā ala ʻelua, no ka mea, paʻa mau nā kānāwai koʻikoʻi o ka mechanics a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana ʻāpana i nā hihia koʻikoʻi. He mea nui nō hoʻi e ʻike ma ka hoʻokolohua ʻana i ka nui o ka haʻalele ʻana mai nā kūlana ʻoiaʻiʻo ma muli o kahi kānana maʻalahi.
ʻO ka manaʻo maʻalahi maʻamau he kūpono a maikaʻi paha ka wai, no laila e hoʻopau i nā hopena viscous paʻakikī. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hydrodynamics maʻamau, kahi lālā o ka makemakika noiʻi i loaʻa i ka manaʻo mai nā loea kaulana e like me Stokes, Rayleigh, Rankine, Kelvin a me Lamb. Aia nā palena koʻikoʻi i loko o ka manaʻo kuʻuna, akā no ka mea he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka wai, he wai maoli ia i nā kūlana he nui. No kēia kumu, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ka hydrodynamics maʻamau ma ke ʻano he kumu waiwai nui i ke aʻo ʻana i nā ʻano o ka neʻe wai. ʻO ka mokuna o kēia manawa e pili ana i ka dynamics kumu o ka neʻe ʻana o ka wai a lawelawe ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he kumu mua i nā mokuna hope e pili ana i nā pilikia kikoʻī i loaʻa i nā hydraulics ʻenekinia kīwila. ʻO nā hoohalike kumu koʻikoʻi ʻekolu o ka neʻe ʻana o ka wai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻomau, Bernoulli, a me nā hoohalike momentum i loaʻa a wehewehe ʻia ko lākou ʻano. Ma hope, noʻonoʻo ʻia nā palena o ka manaʻo kuʻuna a me ke ʻano o kahi wai maoli i wehewehe ʻia.
ʻAno kahe
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka neʻe wai e like me kēia:
1. Turbulent a me ka laminar
2.Rotational a me ka irrotational
3.Steady a paʻaʻole
4.Uniform a me ka like ole.
MVS series axial-flow pumps AVS series mixed-flow pumps (Vertical Axial flow and Mixed flow submersible sege pump) ʻo ia nā huahana hou i hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana hou o nā ʻāina ʻē. ʻO ka mana o nā pamu hou he 20% ka nui ma mua o nā mea kahiko. ʻO 3 ~ 5% ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea kahiko.
Ke kahe kūpikipikiʻō a me ka laminar.
Hōʻike kēia mau huaʻōlelo i ke ʻano kino o ke kahe.
I ke kahe kūpikipikiʻō, ʻaʻole maʻamau ka holomua o nā ʻāpana wai a aia ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kūlana. nā velocities o ka pauku i mea e eddy ana ka neʻe a me ka ʻino ma mua o ka rectilinear. Inā hoʻokomo ʻia ka waiʻala ma kekahi wahi, e laha koke ia ma ke kahawai kahe. I ka hihia o ke kahe ʻino i loko o kahi paipu, no ka laʻana, e hōʻike ʻia kahi hoʻopaʻa koke ʻana o ka wikiwiki ma kahi ʻāpana i kahi mahele like e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ke Kiʻi 1(a). Hōʻike ʻia ka velocity paʻa, e like me ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā mea ana maʻamau, ma ke kiko kiko kiko, a ua ʻike ʻia ke kahe kūpikipiki e hōʻike ʻia e ka māmā holo ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma luna o ka mean mau.
Fig.1(a) Ke kahe kūpikipikiʻō
Fig.1(b) Laminar kahe
I ke kahe ʻana o ka laminar, hele nā ʻāpana wai a pau ma nā ala like ʻole a ʻaʻohe ʻāpana transverse o ka wikiwiki. ʻO ka holomua o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ʻo ia ka mea e hahai pono kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i ke ala o ka ʻāpana ma mua o ia me ka ʻole o ka ʻokoʻa. No laila, e mau ana kekahi filament waiʻoniʻoni me ka laha ʻole. ʻOi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻoi aku o ka wikiwiki transverse i loko o ke kahe laminar(Fig.1b) ma mua o ke kahe kūpikipikiʻō. No ka laʻana, no ka paipu, ʻo ka lakio o ka mean velocity V a me ka velocity kiʻekiʻe V max he 0,5 me ke kahe haunaele a me 0,05 me ke kahe laminar.
Hoʻopili ʻia ke kahe Laminar me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā wai sluggish viscous. I ka pipeline a me nā hydraulics open-channel, ʻaneʻane kiʻekiʻe nā velocities e hōʻoia i ke kahe ʻana o ka turbudent, ʻoiai ke hoʻomau nei kahi papa laminar lahilahi ma kahi kokoke i kahi palena paʻa. Hoʻomaopopo piha ʻia nā kānāwai o ke kahe ʻana o ka laminar, a no nā kūlana palena maʻalahi hiki ke nānā ʻia ka puʻunaue wikiwiki me ka makemakika. Ma muli o kona ʻano pulsating irregular, ua kūʻē ke kahe ʻana i ka hana makemakika koʻikoʻi, a no ka hoʻonā ʻana i nā pilikia kūpono, pono ia e hilinaʻi nui i nā pilina empirical a semiempirical paha.
Helu Kumu: XBC-VTP
ʻO XBC-VTP Series vertical long shaft fire fighting pumps he moʻo o ka pae hoʻokahi, multistage diffusers pumps, i hana ʻia e like me ka National Standard GB6245-2006. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi pū mākou i ka hoʻolālā me ka kuhikuhi ʻana o ke kūlana o ka United States Fire Protection Association. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka wai ahi ma ka petrochemical, ke kinoea maoli, ka mea kanu mana, ka lole lole pulupulu, ka uapo, ka mokulele, ka hale kūʻai, nā hale kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke pili i ka moku, ka pahu kai, ka moku ahi a me nā manawa lako ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ke kahe hoʻololi a me ka irrotative.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka holo ʻana inā loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana wai ka velocity angular e pili ana i kona kikowaena nui.
Hōʻike ka Figure 2a i ka puʻunaue maʻamau e pili ana i ke kahe ʻino ma mua o ka palena pololei. Ma muli o ka puʻunaue like ʻole o ka velocity, ʻo kahi ʻāpana me kāna mau koʻi ʻelua i kū pololei i ka deformation me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka rotation.
hōʻike ʻia ke ala, me ka velocity pili pono i ka radius. Kaʻawili nā koʻi ʻelua o ka ʻāpana i ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi i hoʻololi hou ke kahe.
Fig.2(a) Kahe hoololi
No ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe ʻana, pono ke ʻano like ka puʻunaue wikiwiki e pili ana i ka palena pololei (Fig.2b). I ka hihia o ke kahe ma ke ala poepoe, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia e pili wale ana ke kahe irrotational inā ʻaʻole like ka velocity i ka radius. Mai ka nānā mua ʻana i ke Kiʻi 3, ʻike ʻia kēia he hewa, akā ʻo ka nānā ʻana e hōʻike ana i ka huli ʻana o nā koʻi ʻelua i nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe i loaʻa kahi hopena uku e hoʻopuka ana i kahi ʻano awelika o nā koʻi i loli ʻole mai ke kūlana mua.
Fig.2(b) Kahe hoʻi
No ka mea he viscosity ka wai a pau, ʻaʻole loa e hoʻoulu maoli ka haʻahaʻa o ka wai maoli, a ʻo ke kahe ʻana o ka laminar he ʻoiaʻiʻo loa ka rotational. No laila, ʻo ke kahe irrotational he kūlana hypothetical e pili ana i ka hoihoi hoʻonaʻauao - inā ʻaʻole no ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole i nā manawa he nui o ke kahe kūpilikiʻi ʻaʻole nui nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻololi ʻana i hiki ke mālama ʻia. He mea maʻalahi kēia no ka mea hiki ke kālailai i ke kahe irrotational ma o nā manaʻo makemakika o ka hydrodynamics kahiko i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua.
ʻO ka Pum hoʻoheheʻe wai kai Centrifugal
Helu Kumu:ASN ASNV
ʻO nā kumu hoʻohālike ASN a me ASNV pumps he single-stage double suction split volute casing centrifugal pumps a hoʻohana ʻia a i ʻole ka lawe wai wai no ka hana wai, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ea, ka hale, ka irrigation, ke kahua hoʻoheheʻe wai, ka mana uila, ka ʻōnaehana wai ʻoihana, ʻōnaehana pale ahi, moku, hale a pēlā aku.
Ke kahe kūpaʻa a paʻa ʻole.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia he paʻa ke kahe i ka wā e mau ana nā kūlana i kēlā me kēia manawa e pili ana i ka manawa. ʻO ka wehewehe paʻa ʻana o kēia wehewehe ʻana e alakaʻi i ka hopena ʻaʻole paʻa maoli ke kahe ʻana o ka haunaele. Eia nō naʻe, no kēia manawa he mea maʻalahi ka manaʻo ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka wai ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona a me nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ka haunaele ma ke ʻano he hopena lua wale nō. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maopopo o ke kahe mau ʻana ka hoʻokuʻu mau ʻana i loko o kahi auwai a i ʻole kaila hāmama.
Ma ke ʻano he hopena, ʻaʻole paʻa ke kahe inā ʻokoʻa nā kūlana e pili ana i ka manawa. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ke kahe paʻa ʻole he hoʻoheheʻe ʻokoʻa ʻana i loko o kahi auwai a i ʻole ke kahawai hāmama; ʻO kēia ka mea maʻamau i kahi hanana liʻiliʻi i ka hoʻokuʻu mau ʻana. ʻO kekahi kamaʻāina
ʻO nā laʻana o ke ʻano manawa lōʻihi, ʻo ia ka neʻe ʻana o ka nalu a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā kino wai nui i ke kahe ʻana o ke kai.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā pilikia kūpono i ka ʻenekinia hydraulic e pili ana i ka kahe mau. Pōmaikaʻi kēia, no ka mea, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka manawa i ke kahe paʻa ʻole e paʻakikī loa i ka nānā ʻana. No laila, ma kēia mokuna, e kaupalena ʻia ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke kahe holo ʻole i kekahi mau hihia maʻalahi. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo, akā naʻe, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia kekahi mau ʻano maʻamau o ke kahe paʻa ʻole i ke kūlana paʻa ma muli o ke kumu o ka neʻe pili.
No laila, hiki ke ho'opuka hou 'ia ka pilikia e pili ana i ka moku e ne'e ana ma ka wai malie i mea e ku ai ka moku a holo ka wai; ʻo ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike wale nō o nā ʻano wai e like ka wikiwiki pili. Eia hou, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka neʻe nalu i loko o ka wai hohonu i ka
kūlana kūpaʻa ma ka manaʻo ʻana e holo ana ka mea nānā me nā nalu i ka wikiwiki like.
ʻO ka ʻenekini Diesel Vertical Turbine multistage centrifugal inline shaft water Drainage Pump Ke hoʻohana nui ʻia nei kēia ʻano ʻano pāpaʻi hoʻoheheʻe kūpaʻa no ka puhi ʻole ʻana i ka corrosion, ka mahana ma lalo o 60 °C, nā mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia (ʻaʻole me ka fiber, nā grits) ma lalo o 150 mg/L ʻike o ka wai a i ʻole ka wai ʻino. VTP type vertical drainage pumps i loko o VTP type vertical water pumps, a ma ke kumu o ka hoonui a me ke kola, hoonoho i ka paipu aila lubrication ka wai. Hiki ke puhi i ka mahana ma lalo o 60 °C, e hoʻouna i loko o kekahi hua paʻa (e like me ka hao a me ke one maikaʻi, ka lanahu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) o ka wai ʻino a i ʻole ka wai ʻino.
Kahe like ʻole a me ka like ʻole.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻano like ke kahe ʻana inā ʻaʻohe ʻano like ʻole o ka nui a me ke kuhikuhi ʻana o ka vector velocity mai kekahi wahi a i kekahi ma ke ala o ke kahe. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia wehewehe ʻana, pono e like ka ʻāpana o ke kahe a me ka wikiwiki i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana kea. Hiki ke kahe like 'ole ke 'oko'a ka velocity vector me ka wahi, he la'ana ma'amau ke kahe 'ana ma waena o ka ho'ohuli 'ana a i 'ole ka ho'ololi 'ana i nā palena.
He mea maʻamau kēia mau ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o ke kahe ʻana i ka hydraulics kaila hāmama, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻōlelo paʻa, no ka mea, hoʻokokoke mau ʻia ke kahe like ʻole me ka asymptotically, he kūlana kūpono i hoʻohālikelike wale ʻia a ʻaʻole loaʻa maoli. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e pili ana nā kūlana i ka lewa ma mua o ka manawa a no laila i nā hihia o ke kahe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia (eg.pipes ma lalo o ke kaomi), kūʻokoʻa lākou i ke ʻano paʻa a paʻa ʻole paha o ke kahe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-29-2024